對稱電纜和同軸電纜同是通信電纜的分支，那么它們間的區別是什么呢？和普通電纜的區別你知道多少？湖北電纜生產廠家現在告訴大伙答案：

對(dui)稱電(dian)纜(lan)

通(tong)信回路(lu)由兩條對稱(cheng)排列的(de)(de)電(dian)線(xian)組成(cheng)，分為高頻和低(di)頻。前者的(de)(de)較(jiao)大(da)(da)傳(chuan)輸頻率可(ke)達(da)800khz，相(xiang)當于(yu)(yu)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)環路(lu)可(ke)以(yi)打(da)開(kai)180個(ge)(ge)電(dian)話(hua)通(tong)道(dao)；后(hou)者的(de)(de)較(jiao)大(da)(da)傳(chuan)輸頻率一(yi)般(ban)小于(yu)(yu)252kHz，相(xiang)當于(yu)(yu)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)環路(lu)可(ke)以(yi)打(da)開(kai)60個(ge)(ge)電(dian)話(hua)通(tong)道(dao)。對稱(cheng)通(tong)信電(dian)纜的(de)(de)電(dian)磁場是開(kai)放的(de)(de)。在高頻之(zhi)下，環路(lu)的(de)(de)衰(shuai)減和損耗較(jiao)大(da)(da)，環路(lu)間的(de)(de)相(xiang)互干(gan)擾和內部干(gan)擾較(jiao)大(da)(da)。傳(chuan)輸頻率和容量難以(yi)提高。

長距(ju)離(li)對(dui)(dui)稱通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)電纜(lan)(lan)由四(si)組不同(tong)編(bian)號和(he)(he)(he)不同(tong)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)結(jie)構(gou)的導(dao)線(xian)(xian)組成。四(si)線(xian)(xian)組的常(chang)見形式是星型雙(shuang)絞(jiao)線(xian)(xian)組，有些還采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)復合雙(shuang)絞(jiao)線(xian)(xian)。絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)包括紙(zhi)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)、紙(zhi)繩（紙(zhi)帶和(he)(he)(he)紙(zhi)繩）絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)、聚乙(yi)烯繩絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)、聚苯乙(yi)烯繩絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)和(he)(he)(he)泡沫聚乙(yi)烯絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)等。高頻長距(ju)離(li)對(dui)(dui)稱通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)電纜(lan)(lan)傳輸(shu)頻率高，對(dui)(dui)電纜(lan)(lan)結(jie)構(gou)和(he)(he)(he)性能要求(qiu)高。一般采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)繩絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)星絞(jiao)四(si)線(xian)(xian)組結(jie)構(gou)。聚苯乙(yi)烯和(he)(he)(he)聚乙(yi)烯常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)材料。紙(zhi)帶和(he)(he)(he)紙(zhi)繩絕(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)通(tong)(tong)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于252khz下列的低頻對(dui)(dui)稱通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)電纜(lan)(lan)。

同軸電(dian)纜(lan)

通(tong)信回(hui)路（同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)對）由(you)兩個(ge)(ge)絕緣(yuan)的(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)內(nei)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)和外導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)組成，然后(hou)由(you)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)或(huo)多(duo)個(ge)(ge)同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)對絞合(he)。同(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)線之上(shang)的(de)內(nei)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)和外導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)形成回(hui)路，外導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)包圍之內(nei)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，兩者同(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)絕緣(yuan)。同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜主要用作長(chang)途(tu)通(tong)信干線，開放多(duo)通(tong)道載波通(tong)信或(huo)傳輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)視(shi)節目，也用于(yu)數據(ju)和信息傳輸同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)排列時(shi)，兩根導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)完全同(tong)(tong)(tong)心(xin)，外導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)外沒有電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁場。因此，傳輸信號衰減小，同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)對棟相互(hu)干擾(rao)小，抗(kang)干擾(rao)性能也高于(yu)對稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜。其傳輸頻率(lv)可達10～100mhz超過。同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)通(tong)信電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)型號按同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)對的(de)尺(chi)寸劃分，包括之內(nei)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)直(zhi)徑n外導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)直(zhi)徑D為(wei)0.6mm2mm、0.9mm3.2mm等的(de)微型同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜、小型同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜（nD=1.2mm4.4mm等）、中型同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜（nD=2.6mm9.5mm等）、大同(tong)(tong)(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜（nD=5mm18mm、11mm41mm等）。

同(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)通(tong)信電(dian)(dian)纜中(zhong)同(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)對的(de)(de)內導體(ti)(ti)(ti)為(wei)銅(tong)，截面為(wei)圓柱形和(he)實心。為(wei)了(le)提高(gao)機械(xie)強(qiang)度（例(li)如用作海底電(dian)(dian)纜時）也有(you)(you)(you)鋼芯、銅(tong)外(wai)層的(de)(de)雙金屬內導體(ti)(ti)(ti)，外(wai)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)一(yi)般采用銅(tong)帶制(zhi)成(cheng)，常見(jian)形式有(you)(you)(you)卷(juan)曲(qu)型、壓(ya)痕型、鎖(suo)齒(chi)型等，外(wai)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)應具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)良好的(de)(de)柔(rou)韌性、高(gao)穩定性和(he)簡單(dan)的(de)(de)加工工藝(yi)。同(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)對內導體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)絕緣外(wai)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)應具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)低介(jie)電(dian)(dian)系數和(he)低介(jie)電(dian)(dian)損(sun)耗，并(bing)應具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)機械(xie)強(qiang)度，以支撐之外(wai)導體(ti)(ti)(ti)并(bing)使其與內導體(ti)(ti)(ti)同(tong)心。

同軸(zhou)電(dian)纜與普通電(dian)纜的(de)區別是什么(me)

1、構成(cheng)材料不同：

同軸電(dian)纜的(de)構成材料(liao)是絕緣(yuan)材料(liao)隔離的(de)銅線(xian)導體。普通電(dian)纜的(de)構成材料(liao)是幾(ji)根或幾(ji)組導線(xian)。

2、分(fen)類不同：

同軸(zhou)電(dian)纜(lan)分為(wei)基帶(dai)同軸(zhou)電(dian)纜(lan)和寬帶(dai)同軸(zhou)電(dian)纜(lan)。普(pu)通電(dian)纜(lan)分為(wei)直流電(dian)纜(lan)和交(jiao)流電(dian)纜(lan)。

3、種類不同：

同軸(zhou)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)分為細纜(lan)(lan)RG-58和粗纜(lan)(lan)RG-11。普通(tong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)分為阻燃橡(xiang)套(tao)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、核級電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、裸(luo)(luo)電(dian)線(xian)及裸(luo)(luo)導體(ti)制品(pin)、電(dian)力(li)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、通(tong)訊電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)及光纖、電(dian)磁(ci)線(xian)（繞(rao)組線(xian)）、柔性防火(huo)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。